Lean Six Sigma-Driven Maintenance Process Optimization in African Manufacturing Industries: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

This systematic literature review explores how Lean Six Sigma (LSS) methodologies have been applied to optimize maintenance processes in African manufacturing industries between 2018 and 2021. The study integrates Lean’s waste elimination and Six Sigma’s variation reduction philosophies to examine theoretical foundations, global applications, and region-specific challenges. Following a structured systematic review methodology, the analysis identifies leadership commitment, training, and data infrastructure as critical success factors influencing LSS adoption in maintenance contexts. Findings reveal that while LSS adoption in Africa remains nascent, opportunities exist to leverage Industry 4.0 technologies and sustainability frameworks for enhanced reliability, reduced downtime, and long-term competitiveness. The study concludes with recommendations for future research focusing on empirical validation, digital integration, and sustainable industrial transformation.